Crispin Hull

Paul Keating wants to get rid of the turbulent minorities in the Senate. Just as Henry hated his executive power being interfered with the turbulent priest Archbishop Thomas a’Becket in the 12th century, Keating hates the exercise of his executive power being questioned by the Senate. Just as Henry sent a few knightly thugs to murder a’Becket, Keating is musing with changing the Senate election system to rid himself of the turbulent Kernot.

His scheme, however, has some very high constitutional and practical hurdles.

At present the Senate is elected by proportional representation with each state as one electorate. In a half-Senate election for six senators, a candidate needs 14.3 per cent of the vote to get a seat, or a lot less if it is the last seat and preferences are counted. If it is a double-dissolution election for 12 senators a candidate needs only 7.7 per cent. It means minor parties are able to get seats.

Keating and the Government leader in the Senate, Gareth Evans, have mused about electing the Senate like the House of Representatives, on a single-member electorate basis. Essentially, only major parties win single-member seats. An alternative is to keep each state as a single electorate but change the voting system from preferential to first-past the post. Under that plan voters would mark six crosses and the six candidates with the most crosses would get seats, instead of marking them 1, 2, 3, etc as now. Once again only major party candidates would win seats.
Continue reading “1994_03_march_column06mar”

Chelmsford is Australia’s worst case of the deadly combination of lawyerisation and the culture of silence.

What I call lawyerisation is where people shovel money into lawyers at one end of the system to ensure there is no result at the other.

The culture of silence is the law that puts all the onus on person exercising the so-called right to speak freely. That onus is to prove the truth of every word uttered and to prove the truth of the an imputation that a lawyer might be able to extract from your words.

There is no onus on the silencers. There is no onus for them to prove they suffered damage.
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On February 28, 1973, Barry Hart, then aged 37, walked into Chelmsford Private Hospital.

Two weeks later he woke up with double pnuemonia, pleuresy, deep vein thombosis and anoxic brain damage. He had been subjected to deep-sleep therapy and electric-shock treatment _ all against his will.

Most people think that the Chelmsford episode is closed, that a Royal Commission exposed the malpractice, that procedures were fixed, that victims compensated and that it could never happen again. Wrong.

Twenty-one years later Hart’s case is still in the courts. It took seven years to get it to court and it has been there for a further 14 years, with no end in sight.
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Developers are spending too much on promotion and not enough on design, according to the Minister for Environment, Land and Planning, Bill Wood.

The result has been some poor quality medium-density housing.

“”The design quality of some of our new homes is still not good enough,” he said yesterday (saty).

Developers and builders should recognise that good design is their best selling point, he said.

Canberra led Australia in its urban environment, but some medium-density housing had not been well done.
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Significant reforms have taken place in the Federal Parliament in the past four years, but last Thursday it was still a whiteboard jungle. Many of the reforms were hailed as major steps to lift the quality of debate in Parliament to produce meaningful Question Times.

The televising of Parliament was seen as a way of civilising Parliament. With the television cameras beaming down, it was argued, MPs would act with more decorum. Far from it. They were on show and the behaved like showbiz personalities. Sitting hours were changed. Committees systems were changed. Electronic voting is mooted. With the move in 1988 to the bigger House, the majesty of the architecture did not reflect in the quality of the debate.

In the past month, what was seen as fundamental changes to Question Time were made in the wake of the Blewett report. Instead of all Ministers and the Prime Minister attending, a roster system was applied. The Prime Minister attends on Monday and Thursday and other Ministers attend on roster. The aim was to free the Prime Minister to attend to other matters of national importance and to enable MPs to target particular Ministers on other days to seek and presumably receive genuine answers to genuine questions seeking information about matters of public importance.
Continue reading “1994_02_february_leader27feb”

The world’s largest computer software company, Microsoft, has lost a major patent case which will prevent it from marketing its successful DoubleSpace program in future software.

According to a report in the Washington Post, Microsoft Corporation, was ordered this week to pay Stac Electronics Inc $US120 million for patent infringement.

Microsoft said it would appeal the verdict. But in the meantime it will remove from its best-selling MS-DOS software the infringing “DoubleSpace” feature, which allows users to store nearly double the amount of data and programs on their hard disks.

DoubleSpace is only on DOS version six and later. People with these versions are unlikely to be affected.
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The Business Software Association of Australia has announced that the time for warnings is over. It says illegal copying of software costs its members $400 million a year in Australia. It will now spend 75 per cent, rather than 50 per cent, of its Budget on litigation, cutting education from 50 to 25 per cent.

It will raid premises under what are called Anton-Piller court orders which enable the raiders to seize evidence, which can mean seizing computers. The BSAA is willing to pay a $2500 reward to people who dob in a pirate.

On its face it seems that the software publishers are like the British Navy, patrolling the seas and upholding the law by boarding parties if necessary, and that the copiers are flying the Jolly Roger.

Well, the British Navy has a long history of defending unjustifiable monopolies which enrich the few at the expense of the many. Now the software publishers are self-righteously going on the warpath to defend the plunder they make under a far too-generous monopoly.

The copyright monopoly which runs until 50 years after the author’s death, was originally there to give authors (and their children) reasonable return for their written work, and as the works of, say, Dickens and Wordsworth show, to ensure the public ultimately gets a return when the works come into the public domain.
Continue reading “1994_02_february_column28feb”

Continuing fall in the annual road toll is a pleasing development. Last year the ACT had its lowest toll for 25 years. Other states and territories, too, have had record lows, or at least a general trend downward.

But before we bask in self-congratulation, the reasons for the trend need closer examination. True, the population and car use have risen since the horror tolls of the late 1960s and early 1970s, when typically around 3000 people died and 30,000 people were injured on Australian roads each year, compared to about two-thirds of that now. However, we would be fooling ourselves if we imagined that the fall has come about through any great enlightenment or self-restraint among drivers. There is no cause for self-congratulation because the reduced road toll has come about almost solely through heavy law-enforcement measures and to a lesser extent better roads and safer cars.

The law-enforcement measures have been most significant. In the past 20 years compulsory seat-belts and child restraints, radar, red-light and speed cameras, on-the-spot fines, random breath-testing and demerit points have been introduced throughout Australia and instantaneous licence suspension in some states. It has been a stealthy but significant intrusion into civil liberties. If all the measures had been proposed in one legislative package in, say, 1969 they would have been rejected amid public outcry.
Continue reading “1994_01_january_leaderjan3”

Medical science continues to leap ahead of public opinion and the legal system. In-vitro fertilisation developments in the past month has astonished and revolted many people.

In Britain a 59-year-old woman gave birth to twins after being given in-vitro fertilisation treatment in Italy and a 62-year-old woman is three months pregnant after similarly receiving an embryo implant. Then it was announced that it was possible for a couple to chose the colour of a child. A black woman chose an egg from a white woman. Initially it was thought she did this to ensure a mixed-race looking child because her husband was mixed race, but later it was revealed she did this because of a shortage of donor eggs. None the less, the case showed that a choice was possible. And it is not limited to skin colour. Height, morphism, hair colour, IQ and other characteristics of the donor can also be selected. Apparently, we are in the age of designer babies.

These developments were followed by something more bizarre. A British researcher, Dr Roger Gosden, announced that eggs could be taken from aborted fetuses, fertilised and implanted into a carrier mother. The resultant child’s mother, in these circumstances would never have been born. Dr Gosden said the technique had been successful in mice and was technically only about three years away with humans. At present there is a shortage of donor eggs. Dr Gosden thought that eggs from fetuses could be used for thousands of young women who had premature menopause, who had lost fertility through radiation treatment for cancer or who were otherwise infertile. Fetal ovaries are laid down from about 10 to 12 weeks and reach a maximum of five million eggs by five months, declining to a million at birth.
Continue reading “1994_01_january_leader09jan”

THE share market hits post-1987-crash highs, the inevitable question is: how long can it last? All investment carries some risk. Even keeping money under the bed has risk (witness this week’s bushfires). The important thing for Australia is to ensure that investment risks are reasonable and not made unnecessarily high through speculators. Somehow, Australia has to ensure the greed-is-good mentality of the 1980s does not return. It led to the crash and five years of justifiable wariness on the part of investors.

As the market moves up it is worth recalling some of the lessons of 1987. Among the biggest losers were those who invested in companies founded on the sand of paper profits and borrowings. Those who invested in companies with lower borrowings and real assets had far lower losses. The paper-profit companies are either now non-existent or have share prices a tiny fraction of their pre-1987 high.

There is widespread optimism around at the beginning of 1994. If enough investors reject companies that try to create paper castles out of this optimism, there will be no paper castles, or at least fewer of them than in 1987.
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